Before September 2001, coping up as well as defending the nation against terrorism was not as the top priority as in the current times. The pattern of the United States facing a sudden terrorist crisis and summoning possible ways to cope up with this attack. Inconsideration of history, the United States faced indicators which would have enabled them to take more measures towards Terrorist attack issue. In most cases, the terrorist associated their actions with religion a factor which is exempted when dealing with these attackers.
The spread of mass destruction weapons
In October 1939, as well as June 1945, nuclear and chemical weapons tests were initiated in the united states. There was a significant threatening event to the citizens of the United States of America as this knowledge was shared to even terrorist groups (Wood et al., 2019). In less than four years, this knowledge was spread to Soviet states union and later to terror groups example, the Taliban and Al-Qaida.
These events facilitated savage attacks in the united states of America by Taliban in the form of assassinations through cold blood shooting, the kidnapping of Journalists, and other security personnel’s well as bombing using these weapons. In 1963 there was a bombing event at the Baptist church where a large number of people were injured, and four people lost their lives (Wood et al., 2019). In most cases, these weapons of mass destruction are used against innocent citizens who are used as a demonstration to the whole nation.
Why this event is similar to current homeland security
America’s homeland being regarded as a universal issue. The security of one region is as important as the security of another part. The reason why the event of the spread of mass destruction weapons is similar to the current homeland security events is due to a common enemy. The common enemy is Terrorist groups, which in turn attack innocent individuals an occasion which occurred before September 2001 as well as in the present days.
Cyberterrorism even in May 2000
Cyberterrorism can be described as an event carried out by journalists aimed at striving for drama and erotic sensations regarding the security of a Nation. These typically represent the new terrorism type where the warfare is virtual, commonly applied by the terrorist in the current times (Taylor et al.,2019). The first event to be reported was an email bombing campaign that occurred in 1997 and May 2000 against the global communicating institute.
These attacks were aimed at the site removed from the internet since it was informative to United States citizens and strongly opposed terrorism activities. The terrorist group bombarded the website with more the 1000 emails, and as a result, the system of the institution was clogged. Due to the success of their attack, the attacker s proceeded to threaten to launch other attacks using services of IGC (Taylor et al.,2019). These events clearly stated that tools of hacking activity tools are employed based on political activities and personal selfishness activities.
Why this threat is similar to current home security events
Cyberterrorism is one of the basic attractive modern methods employed by terrorists. It can cause massive damage where it massively causes phycological torture on individuals. Due to its ability n media appeal, it reaches many people, a factor that enables it to be employed even in the political field (Taylor et al.,2019). Consequently, cyberattacks, on some occasions, have been exaggerated, although they form an essential part of the national security infrastructure. Cyberterrorism is the modern fears people are exposed to where hacking of military systems to learn their organization is achieved.
Part 2
1) If the United States learns about the Scorpions' plan, is President Obama empowered to order a military attack against us? If yes, how would he most likely justify his actions?
The president of the united states is justified and empowered to launch military attacks to any terror group threatening the security of the united states of America. Although international laws prohibit the use of military powers against other territories without their consent, president Obamas action can be justified based on adopting to current situation aimed at protecting the United States of America citizens (Sinno., 2017). The safety of the citizens is the primary function to be considered by the government.
2) If U.S. Army soldiers detain our fighters and transfer them to Saudi Arabia (a country known to torture people) for questioning, what is this process called? Does U.S. public policy allow for such a practice? If the current U.S. policy is to allow such a method, is
this policy lawful?
The process of detaining fighters and transferring them to another nation for torture by the USA Army is known as the application of no pain, no gain policy. These practices are not justified by the public, even in most severe cases such as bombing. Additionally, the current USA policy also describes it as unlawful, but it is said to be necessary for extreme situations.
3) As part of its Global War on Terror, the Bush Administration took many captured
fighters to Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. If our soldiers are taken there, is it likely that
they—none of whom are United States citizens—will be able to access the U.S. federal
court system and wage litigation warfare? What are the background and current status of?
This issue?
The non-citizens of the united states of America have a right to access the legal services of the united states of America. The background of these whole issues has previously occurred in the United States of America, where it faced unexpected and sudden series of attacks where very few individuals who were responsible were captured (Sinno., 2017). On such occasions, some government agencies, as well as departments, are discarded and redesigned towards the captured soldiers.
4) What is a military tribunal? Has the United States used military tribunals in the past? Is the United States currently using military tribunals, and, if so, what is their status?
Military tribunals are military courts whose function is to try soldiers of the enemy camp captured during warfare. Currently, the united states are using these military tribunals, which are used in place of court-martial. The current status of these systems is they are run by military judges and sentences executed by military officers. Those also nonmilitary personnel involved in betrayal activities during warfare are taken to these courts.
5) Is it true that the United States spies on its citizens? What are some of the?
Governmental organizations/agencies involved in doing this? Is it lawful for the military?
To participate in this type of domestic activity?
The United States does not spy on its citizens; instead, it carries out secret investigations in determining that every citizen is safe, and he/she is who they say they are. Some of the organizations involved in undercover studies include National security agency as well as the Central intelligence agency and is I not lawful for the military secretly spy on citizens as there is arm responsible for that activity.
6) If we believe the United States is going to attack us, is it lawful for us to attack them
first? How would we justify it?
It not lawful for any organization to firs attack the United States of America as there is no fundamental justification for an attack. For peace to prosper among different nations, no nation should trigger the attack, and both should work towards maintaining peace.
7) We understand the United States has a document called the Constitution. Describe its
framework and the main concepts, powers, and rights that it contains?
The framework and main concepts of the united states constitution include presenting it as the supreme law in all states (Lesig.,2019). Additionally, it provides for a form of government which is republican, federal sharing of powers as well as the separation of powers between different government arms.
8)Which branch of the U.S. federal government is the most powerful?
According to the united states constitution, Congress is the most powerful government arm (Lesig 2019). It represents people’s interests based on each specific state. The powers in congress are derived from the people where the representatives performed their legislative duties as required by the people.
References
Lessig, L. (2019). Fidelity & Constraint: How the Supreme Court Has Read the American Constitution. Oxford University Press.
Sinno, A. M. (2017). Information security awareness in the Lebanese community. (c2017) (Doctoral dissertation, Lebanese American University).
Taylor, R. W., Fritsch, E. J., Liederbach, J., Saylor, M. R., & Tafoya, W. L. (2019). Cyber crime and cyber terrorism.
Wood, T., & Porter, E. (2019). The elusive backfire effect: Mass attitudes’ steadfast factual adherence. Political Behavior, 41(1), 135-163.
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