crusades on the west?

Effects of Crusades on the West

For centuries, the Muslims had been attacking and usurping Christian lands. With no real boundaries differentiating territories, it was impossible to fathom any measure of cordiality to exist between the two

The wars that then raged, The Crusades, as the western world sought to exact revenge have altered the present and the future so much that the effects are being felt even today. According to Edward Gibbon

, a chronicler belonging to the Enlightenment era, the effort would have been better utilized to seek and forge better and peaceful relations with the Muslims. This, according to him and others of his ilk, was highly improbable, because the warmongers would have instead indulged in infighting, instead. According to the eminent historians of the Enlightenment age, the crusaders were instigated by vested interests and were a rather gullible misdirected lot that were swayed away by the rhetoric of those that sought retribution and hence gains of questionable causes.

It can be only be left to imagination the wholesale changes that two the hundred years Crusade must have wrought as a direct consequence or as fallout; in the immediate present or as a long-term effect on the times to follow long after. In its wake, the crusades had accounted for millions of Christians’ lives (approximated to lie in the range of 2 million to 6 million

) as also accounting for unimaginable and irreparable losses to land and property. And the anarchy unleashed by the Crusades in the society in those barbaric times must have permeated the whole Christian and Muslim communities leaving behind deep scars that still make their marks felt.

It cannot however be said that the effects of any war of such gigantic proportions did not have any positive outcome. In fact many benefits were accrued as a result of this two-century long Crusade

. This paper discusses some of the key impact

Impact on the religious bureaucracy: The Catholic Church

The main beneficiary, as was obvious was the Catholic Church, the Pope there and all that was associated by its influence. Over and above the continuing flow of small time gifts and donations that the ordinary folk showered to the Church, the war began availing it of the more invaluable land and with it greater powers. As more and more territories began to fall under the crusading warriors, the church was gifted generously and wield and power of the church increased as a direct consequence.

The growing clout of the church had some far-reaching, detrimental impact, too. The discord between the two religions reached its nadir. All traces of cordiality that existed or could have possibly been fostered had been obliterated. The times that followed bore the ill-effects for centuries as a consequence. The structure of the society changed irreconcilably. The influence of the landlords and collective law of land diminished, giving way to a single head of state, or of Kings and monarchs. The indulgence of the Church with the feudal lords and their pre-occupation with them for the favors granted led to a widening rift between the powers that now came into being, the kings and the monarchs, and subsequently, the Church lost its place in the power structure

The ascent to the top of the power structure of the Church was, however not to last for long. The rapidly changing power equations were something that the Church was unable to comprehend and as a result, soon lost out to the kings and monarchy. In the society itself the first fissures started appearing. The sophisticated and mature Roman way of life and customs clashed with those of the more rudimentary and rather unrefined Catholic western Europeans

One of the major fallout of the long drawn crusade was that the casualties of the battles sought shelters and mental respite in the peaceful isolation of the Church and wished to distance themselves from the worldly cares and troubles. They had had enough of the physical and mental scars. Though these new entrants did not really affect the monetary health of the churches, it certainly took a toll in its’ personnel resources and took some time to adjust to the overwhelming numbers that came in droves.

The fanatic fervor with which the common folk of the western Christians engaged in the duty of war in the name of religion as dictated by the Church to regain hold of the Holy land from the Muslims and the Jews left behind in its wake a very debilitating society of morally, spiritually and hurt masses of human beings belonging to the latter. The Church had unleashed a frenzied Christian people that were casting a venomous atrocity on the Jews and Muslims for generations to come

The Church as, as consequence gained importance as it provided the much sought relief and shelter to all those who had become casualties of this sacrosanct crusade. The war-ravaged masses saw in the church its only salvage and many turned to it for succor and well-being. Thus, empowered, the church in turn gained in strength once again and began making its presence felt in the day-to-day social life. The number of those dependent on church for all its basic needs, physical as well as spiritual and moral increased in intensity and quantity rapidly. The Church thus started having more control over how people thought about everything in their lives. It had thus deeply entrenched itself into the minds of the people

Impact on Business and Commerce

One of the important ways in which crusade affected the lives of men and society at large was the constant exchange of man and material between the two radically different cultures of the East and the west. The finesse and sophistication of the highly developed eastern culture came to be much sought after by those in the west. The linen, the artistry in ornaments, the precious stones, finer culinary tastes of the east, and all such standards prevalent in the east found a ready market in the east who had till then never risen to these standards of living. The goods that started flowing with the growing industry of transportation from the east won it the sobriquet of “the gates to the heaven.” The east, then to the westerners was the beginning of paradise

The exchanges opened up the western world as never before. They suddenly became aware of the huge gap in the knowledge acquired by the eastern Roman, Muslim and Jewish ways of life and their far better standards. The rise of the kings that was associated with the power vacuum left behind by the warring feudal lords was also accompanied by this new-born desire to taste the finer standards that life in the east had to offer. The rise of the monarchy was no longer going to be satisfied with religious stronghold only

The first signs of modern society were sown in these times of turmoil and conflict. The times were pregnant with possibilities. The structures that were then built to ensure smooth commercial movement soon saw amongst the first forms of taxation that have shaped the trade and commerce that we see today. It is in these times that the emergence of a new “middle class” first took shape. The new commercial interactions also spawned the loaning of money activity whose many varieties we now see

Impact on Agriculture and Feudalism

The entire feudal system underwent a drastic metamorphosis. It was entirely reduced to a non-entity. The reasons were two-fold. One, the exodus of the lordships to the cause of religion left behind an open space for the monarchy to gain in power and strength. The warring, crusading lords met their ends in faraway lands, and heirless land ownership was open for grabs by the kings and the crown. Even in the local scenario, the infighting of the lords had not stopped completely, and eventual casualties resulted in the rise of a definite kingdom headed by the crown and monarchs. This phenomenon was best illustrated in the birthplace of the crusades, France

Impact on Politics and the state

The domination of the feudal lords fading saw the emergence of the first traces of people’s power along with the rise of the Crown. The crown became the natural inheritor of the lands that were left without their masters who had set out on the crusade to never come back. There were also a large number of the feudal lords who had squandered away their lands to acquire the means to wage vain, relentless, crusades

The ones who provided the liquid cash for the expeditions that the war-hungry lords so direly needed became the receivers of special privileges and soon rose in prominence in the social structure of the times. Power came naturally to them in no small measure

An important observation that has been pointed out is that the crusade stopped the invading Muslim Turks troops from taking Constantinople. Eventually, about more than three centuries after that, when the invasion on Europe by re-emergent Muslim invaders did take place, the Germans had used the intervening time to gain enough strength to stall and thwart the attempt decisively

Impact on the society’s social fabric

The social orientation, tastes of life and the idea of heroism and gallantry in the Western Europe were widely affected during the crusade. It brought about a revolution not only those directly involved in the religious wars but also affected those that found out about the finer tastes that were being enjoyed by the higher living standards of the eastern society

Impact on Education and Intellectual Growth

The cultural and overall sophistication the ravaging crusaders met with as a result of the continuous interaction with the astonishingly delightful lives being led by the eastern societies brought upon the western outlook of life a change of infinite measures, even as they were forced to reflect upon the comparatively appalling state of their own living standards. The fine etiquettes, the beautifully designed houses, the use of the shining marbles in the properly designed towns and cities left a lasting impact, which made them, learn life from a fresh new outlook. As if that was not enough, the scientific frontiers scaled in the east inspired and encouraged the knowledge seekers, especially in Italy, to begin with, and resulted in greater pursuits of realms of scientific endeavors. This period resulted in what is now called as the Renaissance, the period of time in western relevance whence learning was revitalized and reinvigorated

Impact on Trade and Development

The earliest effects of this period in the commercial and trading ventures were noticed in Italy. Genoa, Venice and Pisa flourished most prominently as the main suppliers of man and material to the crusaders. They also gained as the passageways of the now most sought after eastern goods to the western European society. Ports of Syria and Italy were now fast becoming trading centers. The merchant ships were crowding the Mediterranean. The invading crusaders carried the loot from vanquished towns and cities of the east to the west, proof of which can be seen in the modern museum houses. The most beautiful antiquity and artifacts that adorn museums are those that were spoils of the Crusading era

Impact on travel and Discovery

The discovery of the knowledge, beauty and refinement of the eastern world spurred the adventurous spirit in the western psyche and spawned the breed of voyagers and adventurers like, Marco Polo (Italy), Sir John Mandeville (England), Columbus, Magellan and Vasco de Gama (Dutch) and sought to supersede those in the east in their quest of riding the high seas and exploring unknown places

End Notes

Charles Mackay, Memoirs of Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds (1841): 2,000,000 Europeans killed. http://www.bootlegbooks.com/NonFiction/Mackay/PopDelusions/chap09.html

Edward Gibbon (1788). The History Of The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire IV. Strahan and Cadell.

Thomas Madden, “Concise History of the Crusades.” Rowman & Littlefield. 1999. http://www.storialibera.it/epoca_medioevale/islam_e_cristianita/crociate/articolo_en.php?id=1820

Ibid Charles Mackay. Also read: Henry William Elson, Modern Times and the Living Past, (1921) p. 261: 5,000,000

Effects of the Crusades. December 5, 2011. http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/effects-of-crusades.htm

Hawkins, Y. The House of Yahweh. 2012. http://www.yahweh.com/htmls/9-2012-Newsletter.html

Phillips, J. The Fourth Crusade and the Sack of Constantinople. (2005). New York: Penguin.

Ibid Hawkins

The Medieval Era. The Crusades – Long-Term Effects. The Political Effects of the Crusades on Europe. 2014. http://themedievalera.wikispaces.com/The+Crusades+-+Long-Term+Effects

Ibid The Medieval Era

Ibid The Medieval Era

Hutton, W. Early European History. (2014). http://early-european-history.t.ebooks2ebooks.com/251.html

Clark, A. And Media, D. How Did the Crusades Affect European Economy? (2014). http://classroom.synonym.com/did-crusades-affect-european-economy-5370.html

Ibid Clark and Media.

Hutton, W. Early European History. (2014). http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/hutton-webster/early-european-history-01s/page-39-early-european-history-01s.shtml

Myers, P.V.N. A General History for Colleges and High Schools. (2004). Kessinger Publishing, LLC. http://www.fullbooks.com/A-General-History-for-Colleges-and-High8.html

Ibid Myers

Ibid Myers

Effects of the Crusades. December 5, 2011. http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/effects-of-crusades.htm

Ibid Myers

Ibid Myers

Ibid Myers

Word Cited

“Effects of the Crusades.” December 5, 2011. http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/effects-of-crusades.htm

Clark, A. And Media, D. “How Did the Crusades Affect European Economy?” (2014). http://classroom.synonym.com/did-crusades-affect-european-economy-5370.html

Edward Gibbon. The History Of The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire IV. (1788). Strahan and Cadell Publications.

Elson, H.W. Modern Times and the Living Past. (1921) p. 261. http://necrometrics.com/pre1700a.htm

Hawkins, Y. “The House of Yahweh.” (2012). http://www.yahweh.com/htmls/9-2012-Newsletter.html

Hutton, W. Early European History. (2004). Kessinger Publishing, LLC. http://early-european-history.t.ebooks2ebooks.com/251.html

Mackay, C. Memoirs of Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds. (1841). http://www.bootlegbooks.com/NonFiction/Mackay/PopDelusions/chap09.html

Myers, P.V.N. A General History for Colleges and High Schools. (2004). Kessinger Publishing, LLC. http://www.fullbooks.com/A-General-History-for-Colleges-and-High8.html

Phillips, J. The Fourth Crusade and the Sack of Constantinople. (2005). New York: Penguin.

The Medieval Era. “The Crusades – Long-Term Effects. The Political Effects of the Crusades on Europe.” (2014). http://themedievalera.wikispaces.com/The+Crusades+-+Long-Term+Effects

Thomas Madden, “Concise History of the Crusades.” Rowman & Littlefield. (1999). http://www.storialibera.it/epoca_medioevale/islam_e_cristianita/crociate/articolo_en.php?id=1820

Get Professional Assignment Help Cheaply

Are you busy and do not have time to handle your assignment? Are you scared that your paper will not make the grade? Do you have responsibilities that may hinder you from turning in your assignment on time? Are you tired and can barely handle your assignment? Are your grades inconsistent?

Whichever your reason is, it is valid! You can get professional academic help from our service at affordable rates. We have a team of professional academic writers who can handle all your assignments.

Why Choose Our Academic Writing Service?

• Plagiarism free papers
• Timely delivery
• Any deadline
• Skilled, Experienced Native English Writers
• Subject-relevant academic writer
• Adherence to paper instructions
• Ability to tackle bulk assignments
• Reasonable prices
• 24/7 Customer Support
• Get superb grades consistently

Online Academic Help With Different Subjects

Literature

Students barely have time to read. We got you! Have your literature essay or book review written without having the hassle of reading the book. You can get your literature paper custom-written for you by our literature specialists.

Finance

Do you struggle with finance? No need to torture yourself if finance is not your cup of tea. You can order your finance paper from our academic writing service and get 100% original work from competent finance experts.

Computer science

Computer science is a tough subject. Fortunately, our computer science experts are up to the match. No need to stress and have sleepless nights. Our academic writers will tackle all your computer science assignments and deliver them on time. Let us handle all your python, java, ruby, JavaScript, php , C+ assignments!

Psychology

While psychology may be an interesting subject, you may lack sufficient time to handle your assignments. Don’t despair; by using our academic writing service, you can be assured of perfect grades. Moreover, your grades will be consistent.

Engineering

Engineering is quite a demanding subject. Students face a lot of pressure and barely have enough time to do what they love to do. Our academic writing service got you covered! Our engineering specialists follow the paper instructions and ensure timely delivery of the paper.

Nursing

In the nursing course, you may have difficulties with literature reviews, annotated bibliographies, critical essays, and other assignments. Our nursing assignment writers will offer you professional nursing paper help at low prices.

Sociology

Truth be told, sociology papers can be quite exhausting. Our academic writing service relieves you of fatigue, pressure, and stress. You can relax and have peace of mind as our academic writers handle your sociology assignment.

Business

We take pride in having some of the best business writers in the industry. Our business writers have a lot of experience in the field. They are reliable, and you can be assured of a high-grade paper. They are able to handle business papers of any subject, length, deadline, and difficulty!

Statistics

We boast of having some of the most experienced statistics experts in the industry. Our statistics experts have diverse skills, expertise, and knowledge to handle any kind of assignment. They have access to all kinds of software to get your assignment done.

Law

Writing a law essay may prove to be an insurmountable obstacle, especially when you need to know the peculiarities of the legislative framework. Take advantage of our top-notch law specialists and get superb grades and 100% satisfaction.

What discipline/subjects do you deal in?

We have highlighted some of the most popular subjects we handle above. Those are just a tip of the iceberg. We deal in all academic disciplines since our writers are as diverse. They have been drawn from across all disciplines, and orders are assigned to those writers believed to be the best in the field. In a nutshell, there is no task we cannot handle; all you need to do is place your order with us. As long as your instructions are clear, just trust we shall deliver irrespective of the discipline.

Are your writers competent enough to handle my paper?

Our essay writers are graduates with bachelor's, masters, Ph.D., and doctorate degrees in various subjects. The minimum requirement to be an essay writer with our essay writing service is to have a college degree. All our academic writers have a minimum of two years of academic writing. We have a stringent recruitment process to ensure that we get only the most competent essay writers in the industry. We also ensure that the writers are handsomely compensated for their value. The majority of our writers are native English speakers. As such, the fluency of language and grammar is impeccable.

What if I don’t like the paper?

There is a very low likelihood that you won’t like the paper.

Reasons being:

• When assigning your order, we match the paper’s discipline with the writer’s field/specialization. Since all our writers are graduates, we match the paper’s subject with the field the writer studied. For instance, if it’s a nursing paper, only a nursing graduate and writer will handle it. Furthermore, all our writers have academic writing experience and top-notch research skills.
• We have a quality assurance that reviews the paper before it gets to you. As such, we ensure that you get a paper that meets the required standard and will most definitely make the grade.

In the event that you don’t like your paper:

• The writer will revise the paper up to your pleasing. You have unlimited revisions. You simply need to highlight what specifically you don’t like about the paper, and the writer will make the amendments. The paper will be revised until you are satisfied. Revisions are free of charge
• We will have a different writer write the paper from scratch.
• Last resort, if the above does not work, we will refund your money.

Will the professor find out I didn’t write the paper myself?

Not at all. All papers are written from scratch. There is no way your tutor or instructor will realize that you did not write the paper yourself. In fact, we recommend using our assignment help services for consistent results.

What if the paper is plagiarized?

We check all papers for plagiarism before we submit them. We use powerful plagiarism checking software such as SafeAssign, LopesWrite, and Turnitin. We also upload the plagiarism report so that you can review it. We understand that plagiarism is academic suicide. We would not take the risk of submitting plagiarized work and jeopardize your academic journey. Furthermore, we do not sell or use prewritten papers, and each paper is written from scratch.

When will I get my paper?

You determine when you get the paper by setting the deadline when placing the order. All papers are delivered within the deadline. We are well aware that we operate in a time-sensitive industry. As such, we have laid out strategies to ensure that the client receives the paper on time and they never miss the deadline. We understand that papers that are submitted late have some points deducted. We do not want you to miss any points due to late submission. We work on beating deadlines by huge margins in order to ensure that you have ample time to review the paper before you submit it.

Will anyone find out that I used your services?

We have a privacy and confidentiality policy that guides our work. We NEVER share any customer information with third parties. Noone will ever know that you used our assignment help services. It’s only between you and us. We are bound by our policies to protect the customer’s identity and information. All your information, such as your names, phone number, email, order information, and so on, are protected. We have robust security systems that ensure that your data is protected. Hacking our systems is close to impossible, and it has never happened.

How our Assignment  Help Service Works

1.      Place an order

You fill all the paper instructions in the order form. Make sure you include all the helpful materials so that our academic writers can deliver the perfect paper. It will also help to eliminate unnecessary revisions.

2.      Pay for the order

Proceed to pay for the paper so that it can be assigned to one of our expert academic writers. The paper subject is matched with the writer’s area of specialization.

3.      Track the progress

You communicate with the writer and know about the progress of the paper. The client can ask the writer for drafts of the paper. The client can upload extra material and include additional instructions from the lecturer. Receive a paper.

4.      Download the paper

The paper is sent to your email and uploaded to your personal account. You also get a plagiarism report attached to your paper.

PLACE THIS ORDER OR A SIMILAR ORDER WITH US TODAY!!!